Local Laws

Criminal Penalties:   You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned.

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law.  For examples, see our website on crimes against minors abroad and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification:   If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our webpage for further information.

• Penalties for possessing, using, or trafficking illegal drugs in Spain are severe, and convicted offenders can expect long jail sentences and heavy fines.
• Most cities in Spain have banned the consumption of alcohol in the street, other than in registered street cafes and bars. You could be arrested or fined if you break the law.
• Driving under the influence could land you in jail immediately.
• Local police can require you to produce identification to establish your identity upon request and submit you to further questioning.
• In some cases, a copy of your passport may serve as sufficient identification if you do not feel comfortable carrying your actual passport.  If you choose to carry your passport with you, remember this also increases the risk that it could be lost or stolen.

Faith-Based Travelers:  See the Department of State’s International Religious Freedom Report.

LGBTI Travelers:  There are no legal restrictions on same-sex sexual relations or the organization of LGBTI events in Spain.  Spain welcomes LGBT travelers.  See our LGBTI Travel Information page and section 6 of the Department of State's Human Rights report for further details.

Persons with Mobility Issues. Spanish law mandates access to buildings for persons with disabilities. The government generally enforces these provisions; levels of assistance and accessibility differ between regions.

• Madrid, Barcelona, and many of the other major cities have made great strides in making public transportation, museums and other public buildings accessible to those with physical disabilities.
• Most buses have ramps to accommodate wheelchairs and many metro stations have elevators for the same purpose.
• Taxis that can accommodate wheelchairs are available, but must generally be called in advance.
• In historic areas and in some other areas, sidewalks can be narrow and have uneven surfaces. Tourists should take this into account when planning their visit. 

Students:  See our Students Abroad page and FBI travel tips.

Women Travelers:  While the incidence of sexual assault is statistically low, attacks do occur. 

• Be aware of “date-rape” drugs, including GHB and liquid ecstasy. 
• Be cautious in bars and clubs where alcohol is served.  Leaving your drink unattended or accepting a drink from a stranger can lead to serious crime if drugs are slipped into the drink.

See our travel tips for Women Travelers.